Questions and Answers for Medical Students- Pharmacology- 2

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Q- A 6-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia develops cardiotoxicity after chemotherapy. Which drug is most likely responsible?

A- Cyclophosphamide

B- Doxorubicin

C- Methotrexate

D- Vincristine

B- Doxorubicin- Anthracyclines such as doxorubicin cause dose-dependent cardiotoxicity due to free radical generation. Dexrazoxane can be used to prevent this effect.

 

Q- A patient with asthma is given a new drug that causes tremor and palpitations but improves her symptoms. Which receptor is this drug most likely acting on?

A- α1-adrenergic receptor

B- β1-adrenergic receptor

C- β2-adrenergic receptor

D- Muscarinic receptor

C- β2-adrenergic receptor- β2-agonists (e.g., albuterol) relieve bronchospasm in asthma. Side effects include tremor and palpitations due to some β1 stimulation.

 

Q- A patient is prescribed spironolactone for heart failure. Which of the following is the most significant adverse effect to monitor?

A- Gynecomastia

B- Hypokalemia

C- Hyponatremia

D- Metabolic alkalosis

A- Gynecomastia- Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic and aldosterone antagonist. It can cause hyperkalemia and endocrine effects like gynecomastia due to antiandrogenic activity.

 

Pharmacology MCQs for Medical and Pharmacy Students 

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